But that's the nature of a court ruling, as well it should be.
I'd like to see what DOJ submitted to the court to prove that Maduro is directing. I'm not debating that he doesn't, just curious about what was accepted as proof, especially knowing this administration's reputation for veracity. Re this, snipped from above:
Although the Proclamation focuses on TdA's activities in the United States, it places control of those activities in Maduro, acting in his claimed role of President of Venezuela. In other words, the Proclamation declares that the country of Venezuela, through Maduro, directs and controls TdA's activities in the United States ... As a result, the Court concludes that the Proclamation places responsibility for TdA's actions in the United States on the Venezuelan government, which satisfies this aspect of the AEA.
In a cursory look ( I intend to search more when I have a little more time), I find this from Haines' first link (318716):
https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.pawd.318716/gov.uscourts.pawd.318716.72.0_4.pdf
on p. 3. It quotes a court ruling and a statement from INTERPOL.